Zend certified PHP/Magento developer

Case Sensitive Commands in Bash Shell

I am trying to understand how Bash executes commands. When I run cal, I see this:

   December 2021      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28 29 30 31    

However, when I run CAL, I see this:

    December 2021     
Mo     6 13 20 27   
Tu     7 14 21 28   
We  1  8 15 22 29   
Th  2  9 16 23 30   
Fr  3 10 17 24 31   
Sa  4 11 18 25      
Su  5 12 19 26   

As the results are slightly different, I assumed that two separate programs were running. When I run which cal, I see /usr/bin/cal. When I run which CAL, I see /usr/bin/CAL. However, when I run ls -l /usr/bin I do not see an entry for CAL listed.

What is CAL? Is it a program? Is it an alias to another program? Where is it defined?

Thank you.