There does not seem to be a straightforward way to keep spaces between a table and the previous or posterior paragraph using styles (no direct formatting) unless the paragraph style includes spacing above and below.
As Lipsticks suggested, I could create a special style for the paragraphs above a table and another style for paragraphs below a table. However, if I change the order of paragraphs including one that is above of below a table, the resulting formatting will not be the desired one.
How can I get (intended) paragraphs with a spacing equal to line spacing and wider spacing between text paragraphs and tables?