Products out of stock not displaying on storefront magento 2.3.5-p1

Under the store inventory settings (stores -> configuration -> catalog -> inventory), I set the configuration to display products out of stock.

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Problem: When I go to the frontend, the product out of stock does not display.

At the database level, I can confirm that the “is_in_stock” attribute is set to 1 on the cataloginventory_stock_item table.

And in cataloginventory_stock_status, the stock_status is set to 1.

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Magento version: 2.3.5-p1

I also tried switching themes, but the option is ruled out.

The question remains: how do I ensure that out of stock products display when products are listed?

Note: the product does show if I visit the single page.