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Read data from a raid1 disk, superblocks erased

I have a disk that used to be inside my qnap NAS (it was in raid1 with another disk, which I still have). The NAS died and I mounted the disk on my ubuntu machine using mdadm to create the raid array and then followed this to successfully mount and read it.

Then I shut down the laptop and when I turned it back on I couldn’t mount anything (mdadm was returning errors saying devices were busy). I tried a bunch of stuff (rebooting as well) but couldn’t mount it back.

Out of frustration I had the bad idea to run mdadm --zero-superblock on every partition of the disk and added more troubles as I am now unable to do anything (except insulting myself).

lsblk returns this:

sdc        8:32   0   2,7T  0 disk  
├─sdc1     8:33   0 517,7M  0 part  
│ └─md11   9:11   0 516,7M  0 raid1 
├─sdc2     8:34   0 517,7M  0 part  
│ └─md12   9:12   0 516,7M  0 raid1 
├─sdc3     8:35   0   2,7T  0 part  
├─sdc4     8:36   0 517,7M  0 part  /media/myuser/2ed9e1b2-2659-4202-9066-bd3246353f1d
└─sdc5     8:37   0     8G  0 part  
  └─md15   9:15   0     8G  0 raid1 
md13       9:13   0     0B  0 md    

The disk has indeed 5 partitions and I need to access /dev/sdc3. To my surprise, Ubuntu is able to mount /dev/sdc4 without even asking.

When I run lvm fullreport I get:

lvm fullreport
  WARNING: wrong checksum 0 in mda header on /dev/sdc3 at 4096
  WARNING: wrong magic number in mda header on /dev/sdc3 at 4096
  WARNING: wrong version 0 in mda header on /dev/sdc3 at 4096
  WARNING: wrong start sector 0 in mda header on /dev/sdc3 at 4096
  WARNING: bad metadata header on /dev/sdc3 at 4096.
  WARNING: scanning /dev/sdc3 mda1 failed to read metadata summary.
  WARNING: repair VG metadata on /dev/sdc3 with vgck --updatemetadata.
  WARNING: scan failed to get metadata summary from /dev/sdc3 PVID A0oBICVnS2UPgax0Y8H2F5lgP2L3Xa3D
  Fmt  PV UUID                                DevSize PV         Maj Min PMdaFree  PMdaSize  PExtVsn 1st PE  PSize  PFree  Used Attr Allocatable Exported   Missing    PE  Alloc PV Tags #PMda #PMdaUse BA Start BA Size PInUse Duplicate
  lvm2 A0oBIC-VnS2-UPga-x0Y8-H2F5-lgP2-L3Xa3D  <2,72t /dev/sdc3  8   35         0         0        1   1,00m <2,72t <2,72t   0  ---                                      0     0             0        0       0       0                  
  Start SSize PV UUID                                LV UUID                               
      0     0 A0oBIC-VnS2-UPga-x0Y8-H2F5-lgP2-L3Xa3D   

I have some things in /etc/lvm that seem backups, but I messed up enough already and I don’t want to do more damage.

Searching in this and other forums I tried many things, most notably

mdadm --create --assume-clean /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc3 missing

but then if I try to mount the /dev/md0 I get

mount: /mnt/1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.

and lvm fullreport doesn’t give any outputs.

Any help would be highly appreciated, I have the other raid disk that should contain the same info but before I mess that up as well I’d like to see if I can recover this one.