Disable global Gnome shortcuts when specific window in focus

I’m using Gnome 42.3 with X11 and would like to disable global shortcuts (e.g. Alt+F2 or Meta combinations) when a specific window is in focus. KWin supposedly has this kind of feature, as per this reddit thread.

In my case it’s VirtualBox, where I need Meta press to result in Windows menu popping up, but can’t use keyboard capture feature due to a conflict with Barrier, as the mouse pointer cannot leave the screen when it’s turned on.