How to check if my network is blocking UDP traffic?

I have noticed that some applications on my phone are unable to connect when my phone is connected to my home WiFi, while they do work over 4G, even though my WiFi connection is fast and stable.

I have reason to believe(*) that UDP connections are unreliable or not working at all. Is there a good way to test this? I have access to an android phone and a Windows laptop (with windows subsystem for linux). I can connect the laptop over WiFi or ethernet to my router.

I found this similar question. The answers there require setting up a UPD server on a separate host outside of the network. Unfortunately I don’t have access to such a host, unless I can set up a UDP server on my phone (how?).

(*) specifically: I reported a bug in the company I work for while working from home, and the engineering team mentioned that they see this issue on networks where UDP is blocked.